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OSPF Single Area

Written by Rene Molenaar on . Posted in OSPF

Scenario:

AsianFish inc. is expanding their business towards Europe so they need to expand their network as well. You are responsible for the performance of the network and decided that OSPF would be a suitable candidate for a routing protocol. Because the network at this moment is still small, you decided a single area OSPF should be enough. It's up to you to make it work!

Goal:

  • All IP addresses have been preconfigured for you.
  • The following loopback interfaces have been configured:
    HongKong: 1.1.1.1 /24
    Amsterdam: 2.2.2.2 /24
    Barcelona: 3.3.3.3 /24
  • HongKong: Configure OSPF  (process-id 1) and advertise all networks by using a single network statement. Use area0
  • Amsterdam: Configure OSPF (process-id 1) and advertise all networks by using 2 network statements, area0.
  • Barcelona: Configure OSPF (process-id 1) and advertise all networks by using 3 network statements, area0.
  • Optional: the loopback interfaces appear as /32's in the routing table, make sure they appear as /24's just as you configured them.
  • Amsterdam: change the router-id to 22.22.22.22, make sure you see this change from Barcelona by using show commands.
  • Traffic from Barcelona to HongKong should use the link between Amsterdam-Barcelona, use the cost command to achieve this.
  • Remove the previous change with the cost-command, achieve the same goal by using the bandwidth command.
  • Enable clear-text authentication between Amsterdam and HongKong. Use "vault" as a password.
  • Enable MD5 authentication between Barcelona and HongKong. Use "Safe" as a password.
  • Change the OSPF timers on the link between Amsterdam and Barcelona so hello packets are being sent every 5 seconds.
  • The HongKong router will have access to the Internet in the future, you need to advertise a default route in OSPF so Amsterdam and Barcelona will send traffic for unknown networks to HongKong.

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IOS:

c3640-jk9s-mz.124-16.bin

Topology:

OSPF Single Area Network Topology

Video Solution:

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Comments (24)

  • avatar
    mikodongo

    Hi Rene,

    This lab is fun8). However, i have two questions, what feature make loopback interfaces appear /32 in the routing table and does this have any benefits?

    regards,

    michael

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    Hi Michael,

    If you are working on this lab I'm guessing you are studying for CCNA?

    OSPF uses multiple "network types". You will learn about those in CCNP. One of them is "loopback" and OSPF will always advertise a loopback as /32. Type the show ip ospf interface loopback0 command and it will show you the OSPF network type.

    In a way it makes sense because there is nothing more than a single IP address on a loopback interface. Even though you configure a /24 you won't find 200+ IP addresses there.

    It will save you some address space (we don't care about that all that much with private IP address space) but it could be useful when you play with most specific routing.

    Good luck!

    Rene

  • avatar
    oaljohi

    I want to thank you to give us small review in OSPF. I have forgot the LOOPBACK and Authentication and how to control them.:):)

  • avatar
    Affy888

    Hi Rene . Earlier there was an option to download the PDF. Its no longer available. Have you removed all the PDFs?
    thanks

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    Hi Affy,

    The PDF plugin that generates PDF files from articles was/is really buggy. I would like to add the feature but it's a pain to implement it ;)

    Rene

  • avatar
    chihtai

    Bought one of your books and found reading and practicing the labs on this website to be a great help!

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    Thanks for sharing this message and good to hear that it's useful to you :)

  • avatar
    boubou2012

    Hello Rene
    Nice Lab
    But I came across a small problem I wonder if you can help
    when I do a
    R2#sh ip ospf neighbor
    Nothing appear
    Did you came across this problem before?
    Thanks for your reply

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    There are many things that could go wrong so OSPF doesn't establish the "neighbor adjacency". On a fastethernet network it's probably because you don't have the correct network commands.

    Do a "show ip protocols" to see which networks are enabled for OSPF. Also use a "show ip ospf interface fastethernet" to check if it's enabled for the particular interface.

  • avatar
    boubou2012

    Thanks for you reply Rene
    The probleme is solved
    I had to restart the program (GNS3)

    thanks again

  • avatar
    jack3

    Hi Rene,

    thanks for the great labs

    regards,
    Jack

  • avatar
    veeroshj

    awesome work with the labs :)

    just wanted to check why my outputs differ from yours...

    [youtube vid 13:03]
    Barcelona#sh ip ospf
    Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 3.3.3.3
    Start time: 00:04:38.244, Time elapsed: 00:53:23.192
    Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
    Supports opaque LSA
    Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
    Supports area transit capability
    Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
    Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
    Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
    Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
    Incremental-SPF disabled
    Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
    Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
    LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
    Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
    Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
    Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
    Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
    Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
    Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
    Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
    Number of areas transit capable is 0
    External flood list length 0
    Area BACKBONE(0)
    Number of interfaces in this area is 3 (1 loopback)
    Area has no authentication
    SPF algorithm last executed 00:00:55.988 ago
    SPF algorithm executed 24 times
    Area ranges are
    Number of LSA 6. Checksum Sum 0x03BDD8
    Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
    Number of DCbitless LSA 0
    Number of indication LSA 0
    Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
    Flood list length 0

    I went through each step but the show output still differs..

    apart from the above everything works fine, just confused with show ip ospf command

    V

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    The minimum LSA interval is nothing to worry about, it's probably different for some IOS versions. Normally it's not something we tinker with.

  • avatar
    grengo

    what is meant by these..?? plz help
    advertise all networks by using a single network statement

    advertise all networks by using 2 network statements

    advertise all networks by using 3 network statements

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    I explain it in the video, you'll see how and why I implement this.

  • avatar
    grengo

    ok i got it ....thanxxx

  • avatar
    mattlove

    i am not sure what i am missing, but i am getting two DR's in this topology. Should you not only have one DR in an area?

  • avatar
    mattlove

    I think i worked this out, you can only have one DR and BDR per shared segment not area. So i have on Barcelona i have fa1/0 as BDR for the 192.168.23.0 network and fa0/0 as DR for the 192.168.13.0 network.

  • avatar
    ReneMolenaar

    The DR/BDR election is PER multi-access segment and not for each area.

  • avatar
    sherief

    So wonderful, i completed it successfully
    Thanks Rene, you are magician.

  • avatar
    anil2007

    Hi Rene,

    Thanks a lot, this is wonderful

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